This session is the third and final installment for the pre-meeting workshop, entitled 'Engineering principles of DBS and SCS in clinical practice.' This third session was inspired by feedback from attendees at our pre-meeting workshop at the 2020 NANS Annual Meeting. Several attendees requested that we also have a portion of the workshop during the meeting as well. They thought it would be beneficial for them and meeting attendees to hear presentations from engineers and scientists regarding emerging concepts in SCS and DBS. Therefore, in this session, we will conclude our workshop by presenting engineering concepts related to emerging technologies and mechanisms of action related to SCS and DBS.